On Wednesday, 19 March, the European Commission unveiled its White Paper on Defence, setting out a vision to rearm Europe by ensuring the European defence industry can produce at the requested speed and volume; and facilitating rapid deployment of military troops and assets across the EU.
The White Paper introduces plans for a true European defence union in which EU countries will remain in charge of defence, while benefiting from added EU benefits to strengthen the defence industry, by closing important gaps and ensuring long-term readiness. The White Paper also offers suggestions to Member States on how to invest heavily in defence, buy necessary equipment, and support the industry’s growth over time. The Key areas outlined in the White Paper are:
- Closing capability gaps and supporting the European defence industry, including simplifying regulations and streamlining industrial programmes.
- Deepening the single defence market and accelerating the transformation of defence through disruptive innovations such as AI and quantum technology.
- Enhancing European readiness for worst-case scenarios, by improving military mobility, stockpiling, and fostering operational cooperation across the EU.
The ReArm Europe Plan/Readiness 2030, will aim to mobilise €800 billion by activating the national escape clause of the Stability and Growth Pact, allowing Member States to increase defence spending. A €150 billion loan instrument will be launched, named Security Action for Europe (SAFE), that will help countries invest in key defence areas like missile defence, drones, and cyber security. The European Investment Bank Group will also widen its scope for defence loans and security projects, while the Savings and Investment Union will also be mobilised to accelerate private capital.
Additionally, the EU’s leader met for a European Council (EUCO) meeting on Thursday, 20 March, to address Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and the EU’s support for Ukraine and its people, the situation in the Middle East, and European defence. The main focus of the meeting was to draft the rules needed to turn the EU into a military superpower.
The European Commission’s White Paper on Defence marks a significant step towards a stronger and more autonomous European defence strategy. With ambitious funding plans and a push for greater military coordination and innovation, the EU aims to enhance its military readiness and industrial resilience.
